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The Debris Flow Risk Zoning Assessment in the Parlung Zangbo River Basin of Tibet Based on GIS and AHP
Abstract
The Parlung Zangbo River Basin, located in the Tibet region, is a typical area prone to frequent debris flows. As a highly destructive geological hazard, debris flows pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and human activities in this basin. This paper aims to comprehensively assess the risk factors of debris flow in the Parlung Zangbo River Basin by integrating Geographic Information System (GIS) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and to generate a debris flow risk zoning map. Firstly, the paper analyzes the main factors influencing the occurrence of debris flows in the basin, including topographic features (such as slope aspect, slope gradient, and Melton ratio), precipitation intensity, vegetation cover, and the nearest distance to faults. Based on this analysis, the AHP model is employed to assign weights to these factors and conduct consistency checks to ensure the scientific validity and reliability of the assessment results. The study results indicate that the Melton ratio, precipitation index, and slope aspect and gradient are the primary factors affecting the occurrence of debris flows, with varying degrees of influence across different areas. By applying the weights of these factors to the GIS platform, this study generates a debris flow risk zoning map for the Parlung Zangbo River Basin, providing a scientific basis for disaster prevention and planning in the region. The findings of this study not only hold significant implications for disaster control in the Parlung Zangbo River Basin but also offer valuable insights for debris flow risk assessment in similar geological environments.
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